电影中的唯美雪景是如何造就的？这里可有大学问。现在，走进好莱坞世界，来探秘神奇造雪法！
These three substances have a lot of things in common.
下面三种物质有很多共同点。
It looks like a bunch of talcum powder.
这种看起来像一堆滑石粉。
Somebody were to grate drywall.
感觉像有人磨碎了的石膏板。
It has the appearance of flour，but it's odd.
看起来像面粉，但是有些奇怪。
But，they've had one very specific use in Hollywood.
但这些东西在好莱坞有着特殊用途。
At some point or the other they all start as snow in the pictures，but snow making in film isn't just one thing.
在某种情况下，这些东西出现时候，画面里就开始下雪了，但电影里的造雪特效不仅仅用一种东西。
100种做雪方法，It&39;re anything like me you might be surprised at how much thought and effort goes into your holiday movie snow.
要用很多东西。如果你跟我一样，或许你会对假日电影中的白雪皑皑的画面的巨大付出感到惊讶。
方法一：拿来一块姨妈巾，把它撕开，用里面的棉花加入水，就是一份水变雪了 方法二：用宝宝的尿不湿里面的棉花，加入水，和姨妈巾的原理是一样的 方法三：如果家里用海洋宝宝，就是我们常说的泡大珠，把它捏碎了（这个。
If you ever wanted to make a Christmas movie，in Netflix case，if you ever wanted to make like four Christmas movies，there's one ingredient that you absolutely need to have，snow.
如果你想拍一部圣诞主题电影，比如Netflix的片子，如果你想拍4部圣诞主题电影，有一个元素你绝对需要，那就是雪花。
Snow in flurries and swalls and snow banks.
飘飘洒洒的雪花，暴风雪，雪坡。
And，this need for artful accurate big screen snow has been so intense that film makers throughout history experimented with everything and we mean everything.
这类适用于大屏幕的人工雪需求旺盛，电影工作者尝试了所有的东西，真的可以说所有的东西。
查理·卓别林的&34;里用了大量的盐和面粉来造雪。
Painted cornflakes which were used in John Ford&34;Airmail" and which are so noisy that you have to re-dub the actors later.
在约翰·福特执导的影片《航空邮件》中，使用的是涂染过的玉米片，而这些玉米片常常发出噪音，演员们后期要重新配音。
And marble dust，which gave Dr. Zhivago its sad pristine permacrust beauty.
大理石粉末，让《日瓦戈医生》有了最质朴的美感。
1、制冰装置生产出片冰，然后以片冰为原料造雪。其工作流程是，先通过制冰装置将水制成片冰，再通过碎冰装置把已经造好的片冰粉碎成粉末，最后通过把粉末状的冰晶通过空气输送系统送出。该方式造雪系统复杂，造出雪的品质。
And infamously，there was asbestos.
还有效果糟糕的石棉。
That right there was these flakes on Dorothy&39;s snow spell is actually asbestos，which unfortunately，wasn't yet known to be a carcinogen.
在善良的女巫施法下雪后，这些粘在多萝西脸上的雪花实际上就是石棉，不幸的是，石棉，在当时，尚未被列为致癌物。
1，首先备好材料，将所有小苏打放在一个大的搅拌碗中。2，添加剃须膏。制作人造雪不需要很多数量的剃须膏。加一点，搅拌，然后根据需要添加更多。通常，需要一罐的三分之一到二分之一。当混合物保持其形状时，您就知道添。
In fact，it was even packaged and sold as artificial snow in the 1940s.
事实上，石棉在1940年代，是作为人工雪花包装出售的。
Of course，we&39;t always think about it as what it is，a special effect，but films like &39;s A Wonderful Life" won Academy Awards specifically for their revolutionary snow making technique.
当然，我们已经不再使用那些显得荒唐的危险物质，但是寻找完美的造雪效果这样的行动还在继续，而且我们也不认为下雪是特效，但影片《生活多美好》赢得的奥斯卡金像奖就是因为其革命性的造雪技术。
Everyone I talked to for this piece agreed making snow is still difficult，in part because every snow scene is different.
我同很多人都交流过造雪这件事，他们一致认为直到现在仍是个难题，部分原因是每一场雪景都困难重重。
So，film makers have to do and redo a kind of snow calculus each time.
所以，电影人不得不在每个场景里重建积雪。
Appearance，availability，affordability，continuity，sustainability all matter.
形状，可用性，可购性，连续性，可持续性都至关重要。
A lot of snow scene preps starts like this with the producers making a huge choice filming it on location versus filming it in studio.
很多造雪场景都这么开始，制作人做出重大决定，到底是在外景地拍摄还是在摄影棚里拍摄。
The benefit of filming on location is of course，that real snow looks and acts like snow should，but it's also unpredictable，fleeting and as every New Yorker can tell you，it gets disgusting after like three hours.
在外景地拍摄的好处显而易见，那些真雪效果就如同平时的雪花，但难以掌控，很容易消失，每个纽约人都知道，3小时候后就变得有些脏脏的，看着有点恶心。
The crew of &34; for instance，drove around snow chasing for days until they lucked into finding suitable spots like this.
影片《下雪吧》的工作人员，开着车到处找雪，所幸，发现这个合适的外景地。
In fact，even when there's enough real stuff on the ground，sometimes warm，artificial snow is piled on top of cold real snow for the comfort of the actors.
实际中，即便地上有足够的积雪，有时候，温暖的人造雪也会堆在真雪上面，给演员保暖。
Artificial snow almost certainly means a call to Snow Business，whose mail I just got.
需要人造雪，打个电话给Snow Business就搞定了，我才有他们的邮箱。
A snow effects consultancy who works on at least a dozen huge films per year，plus TV and commercials，along with the film's production designer，they choose the snow substitute or on average eight to 12 snow substitutes，from their 200 variety strong arsenal that best evokes a snow look or a mood without of course，eluding the location.
雪景效果顾问，每年至少指导十几部大片，外加上TV和广告，他们和电影设计师一起，从200多种人造雪中选择一些雪花替代品，平均差不多8到12种，用来创造最好的雪地场景和氛围，就不用了寻找外景地了。
Paper snow is commonly in the mix.
纸制雪花是常见的混合物。
It's made in huge machines which tear and shred the edges to get it to clump and drift like real snow because if you cut it it just acts like confetti.
1 将所需的所有材料准备好，如废弃卷纸筒，剪刀，胶棒，颜料等。2 将卷纸筒压扁，然后剪成相同宽度的条状，稍稍拉开一点，然后交叉固定好，最后呈米字状。3 将蓝色和白色颜料稍稍调一点水进去，让其浓度适中，在做好的。
大型机器把纸张裁成碎片并去掉尖角，这样子纸屑凝结成块，飘洒起来就像真的雪，因为纸屑裁剪成了彩色纸屑的形状。
It's then sprayed at high pressure，combined with a fine mist of water to make it stick onto the set.
方法一：1.准备好一张白色的正方形纸。2.沿对角线对折起来。3.如图，找到底边的中点，然后居中折出一个60度角，把大三角形底边分出三个60度角。4.按折痕把三部分折叠起来。5.再对折一下。6.如图，画出半个雪花花瓣。
然后高压喷洒，混合一些水雾，让纸屑粘在道具上。
Paper snow is a good solution for big spaces and it interacts well with the actors，but it can't be used in a studio where fire becomes a concern.
纸制雪花对于大场面是很好地道具，而且和演员的配合度也好，但，不能用在摄影棚里，那里要远离火源。
No. There's also plastics，cellulose，foam，shaved ice，snow blanket，snow membranes，they all have their pluses and minuses.
不。另外还有塑料的、纤维素的，泡沫的，小冰渣，雪毯，雪膜，这些东西都各有优缺点。
所以压根没有魔力雪弹可以喷洒雪花，人造雪的行业探讨目前还比较基础。
There is however，a bit more of a clear winner for falling snow.
然而，有一种人造雪在造雪使用中，略微胜出。
90% of it is evaporative foam shot out of a blower.
其90%含量为可蒸发的泡沫，从鼓风机中喷出。
The machinery can be loud，but pretty.
这个机器很吵，但效果很漂亮。
But，we're not quite done because this is Hollywood in 2019 and of course，visual effects plays a huge role.
首先你先准备一个塑料杯，然后拿一袋自己家的食用盐，和食用糖，拿一杯牛奶，然后用筷子搅拌，一会儿就成雪了。
但，我们并没有止步不前，现在是2019的好莱坞，视觉特效可以起很大作用。
You might not guess it，but holiday movies like &34; have around 500 visual effect shots that either supplement or actually supplant it's practical effects.
你或许猜不到，但假日影片《下雪吧》中有约500个视觉特效镜头，这些特效补充了，甚至代替了实际雪景。
Snow of course，changes when actors or nature interacts with it，so the visual effects team often serves as a guardian of continuity，fixing footsteps or compensating for changing winds.
雪花，实际上在演员或者自然变化时候，会改变，所以视觉特效团队经常要保护雪景的持续性，修复脚印，加强或者改变风力风向。
They also fill in，quite literally in some cases，by using giant mat paintings to cover areas too big to fill with artificial snow.
在一些场景中，他们，用巨型的喷绘垫子遮盖大面积的场地，因场地面积太大，人工雪难以完全覆盖。
But，also figuratively when practical effects are impractical.
但，形象地说，实际效果很不实际。
The falling snow in the window here was done by the visual effects team because the blower proved itself too loud.
这里，窗外的下雪场景是由视觉效果团队制作的，因为鼓风机太吵了。
But，with increased number of shots and shot complexity visual effects get really expensive.
但是，随着镜头越来越多，复杂视觉特效镜头真的很贵。
It too is no magic snow bullet and probably nothing ever will be.
没有魔力雪弹，或许永远不会有这类东西。
Maybe instead of a magic snow bullet film makers will have to settle for a magical snow ball，a big bundle of little techniques that joyfully lob at our holiday movies to make them wintry wonderlands.
或许为了代替魔力雪弹，电影人需要魔力雪球，一大堆无需技术含量的雪球，进入假日电影的镜头，让这些影片成为寒冬的梦幻之地。
But，enough from me.
但，对我来说已经够了。
Who better to get you excited about snow than Miss Joan Cusack?
还有谁能比琼·库萨克更令你对雪花感到兴奋？
See，didn't I tell you?
我没告诉你吗？
Snow can make a difference，especially on Christmas Eve.
下雪可以创造出特殊的氛围，特别是平安夜。
The question that Snow Business gets the most often，their biggest job.
问题是，Snow Business那时通常工作量最大。
It turns out it&39;s &34;. In order to turn England into Denmark，Snow Business covered，wait for it，156 acres of land with artificial snow.
在肯尼斯·布莱纳版的《哈姆雷特》可以看到，为了让英格兰成为丹麦，Snow Business用人工雪覆盖了156英亩土地。
To freeze or not to freeze.
冻结还是融化。
That is the question.
这是一个问题。
